PopEnvironment Linkages  Overview Air and Climate Biodiversity General Information Genetic and Species Diversity Ecosystems Forests Wetlands Other Terrestrial Ecosystems Marine Ecosystems Biodiversity Policies, Treaties and Programs Regional Examples / Protected Areas Bibliography Coasts and Oceans Conflict and Security Crosscutting Issues Demographics Development and Economics Food and Agriculture Freshwater Health Land Use PopEnvironment Home PopPlanet Home		Biodiversity > Regional Examples / Protected Areas [12] 1 Title African Elephant Issues: CITES and CAMPFIRE Author M. Lynne Corn & Susan R. Fletcher Abstract 1997 report prepared as a briefing document for the U.S. Congress. The conservation of African elephants has been controversial recently on two fronts: the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES, to which the United States is a party), and a Zimbabwean program for sustainable development called CAMPFIRE, which is partially funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). The members of CITES recently voted to down-list elephant populations in three African nations, thereby allowing limited trade in elephant products from those countries. The United States voted against the change. USAID's role in CAMPFIRE is supported by some conservation and hunting organizations and opposed by some animal welfare organizations, which also claim violations of U.S. laws prohibiting lobbying by recipients of federal grants. Opponents are asking Congress to restrict appropriations for CAMPFIRE in the foreign operations bill." Type Nontechnical Repor Affiliation Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress URL: http://www.cnie.org/nle/biodv-16.html Peer Review Internal Review Process 2 Title Biodiversity and Landscape Planning: Alternative Futures for the Region of Camp Pendleton, California Author Carl Steinitz, Michael Binford, Paul Cote, Thomas Edwards, Jr., Stephen Ervin, Richard T. T. Forman, Craig Johnson, Ross Kiester, David Mouat, Douglas Olson, Allan Shearer, Richard Toth Abstract This 1996 study explores how urban growth and change in the rapidly developing region between San Diego and Los Angeles might influence the biodiversity of the area. Type Report Affiliation Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Utah State University, the National Biological Service, the USDA Forest Service, The Nature Conservancy, and the Biodiversity Research Consortium, with the cooperation of th URL: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/brc/brc.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 3 Title Biodiversity in Freshwater Ecosystems Author World Resources Institute Abstract Freshwaters are also home to a tremendous diversity of fish, amphibians, aquatic plants, invertebrates, and microorganisms. The Amazon River alone contains an estimated 3000 species of fish--only 25 percent less than the total number of mammals worldwide. And freshwater biodiversity is among the most poorly known on Earth. Scientists believe that Thailand may have as many as 1000 species of freshwater fish, but only some 475 have actually been recorded. " Type article Affiliation World Resources Institute URL: http://www.wri.org/biodiv/b03-gbs.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 4 Title Biodiversity-Rich Ecoregions in Africa Need Protection Author Ashbindu Singh, Bhaskar Ramachandran, Gene Fosnight, Sean Chenoweth, and Tom Crawford Abstract issues are summarized and policy recommendations made. Includes Introduction, Areas analyzed (the African continent , the African Great Lakes Region), Protected Areas of Africa, Protected Areas in the African Great Lakes Region, Population Density and Protected Areas of the African Great Lakes Region, and Summary for Policy makers. Type Short Report Affiliation United Nations Environment Programme URL: http://grid2.cr.usgs.gov/publications/biodiversity/biodiversity.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 5 Title Climate Change: The Arctic Author Climate Change Campaign Abstract An Issue summary of Arctic wildlife and Climate Change from the World Wildlife Fund, a U.S.-based environmental organization. Arctic ecosystems are characterized by complex interrelationships between species and their physical environment. The life of a particular species is an intricate tapestry of land and ice conditions, seasonal changes, and interdependencies on other plants and animals. As a result, climate-induced changes that affect one part of a species life cycle can have wide-reaching effects on the ecosystem as a whole ." Type article Affiliation World Wide Fund for Nature URL: http://www.panda.org/resources/publications/climate/arctic/arctic.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 6 Title Federal Laws of the United States Relating to Biodiversity Conservation Author World Resources Institute Abstract List of U.S. Biodiversity Laws Type article Affiliation World Resources Institute URL: http://www.wri.org/biodiv/us-laws.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 7 Title Golden Lion Tamarin Conservation Program Mission Statement Author Devra Kleiman, Adelmar Coimbra-Filho, Benjamin Beck, Lou Ann Dietz, James Dietz, Jonathan Ballou, Andrew Baker, Alfred Rosenberger Abstract The Golden Lion Tamarin Conservation Program is an international conservation initiative established to formulate and implement an integrated strategy for the preservation of the critically endangered golden lion tamarin and its habitat, the Atlantic Coastal Rainforests of Southeastern Brazil. This 1991 plan notes that its endangered status is related to deforestation and habitat degradation continue to increase as Brazil's growing population converges on the developed and urban areas." Type Report Affiliation Various, document prepared under auspice of Smithsonian Institute, U.S.A. URL: http://www.si.edu/organiza/museums/zoo/zooview/glt/mstate.htm Peer Review Unknown Review Process 8 Title Mozambique Data Sets Author Global Resources Information Database Abstract A set of six maps of Mozambique which show: Population Density and Protected Areas Digital Elevation model Drainage Basins Land Cover Shaded Relief Source Map Data Sources Type Maps, Data sets Affiliation United Nations Environment Programme URL: http://grid2.cr.usgs.gov/mozambique/start.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 9 Title Reintroduction of Wolves Author Jennifer A. Heck Abstract 1992 report prepared as a briefing document for the U.S. Congress. Wolves were once the most widely distributed mammal on Earth other than man. By 1970, the two North American species - red wolves and gray wolves - had been eliminated nearly everywhere in the United States except Alaska. Following the listing of red wolves under the Endangered Species Act in 1973, a Red Wolf Recovery Program was initiated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). There is also great interest in reintroducing the endangered gray wolf to portions of its former habitat in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, including especially Yellowstone National Park. Gray wolf reintroduction has received Federal appropriations annually since 1988, resulting in numerous studies but little definitive action on the issue. This report provides background on both species, examines their decline, and summarizes congressional actions on wolf reintroduction since the 100th Congress." Type Nontechnical Repor Affiliation Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress URL: http://www.cnie.org/nle/biodv-13.html Peer Review Internal Review Process 10 Title State of the Environment CHINA 1997 - Biodiversity Author Jianguo Wang Abstract Report provides overview of environmental conditions in China, includes chapter on Biodiversity Type Report Affiliation State Environmental Protection Administration, China URL: http://www.zhb.gov.cn/english/SOE/soechina1997/biod/index.htm Peer Review Unknown Review Process 11 Title Sustainable Development/Economics-Biodiversity and Wildlife Management Bibliography Author Tom Tietenberg Abstract Bibliography on biodiversity and wildlife management, primarily journals and books. They cover such topics as: extinction and market forces, conservation, tourism and coexistence. Specific area/countries referred to include: US, tropics, Zimbabwe, Africa, Kenya and Nigeria. Type Bibliography Affiliation Colby College URL: http://www.colby.edu/personal/thtieten/biomgmt.html Peer Review Unknown Review Process 12 Title The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Author M. Lynne Corn, Lawrence C. Kumins, Pamela Baldwin Abstract 1996 report prepared as a briefing document for the U.S. Congress. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is an area rich in fauna, flora, and oil potential, where development has been debated for over 36 years. Current law forbids oil and gas leasing. Development proponents argue that any ANWR oil would help insulate energy markets from recur-ring crises in the Middle East, could be developed safely, improve the balance of payments, boost North Slope oil production and the economic viability of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS), and create numerous jobs in Alaska and elsewhere. Opponents argue that ANWR's intact ecosystem is more valuable than its oil, should be legally designated as wilderness; and that any oil found would not provide lasting energy security and could be replaced by a variety of cost-effective alternatives." Type Nontechnical Repor Affiliation Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress URL: http://www.cnie.org/nle/biodv-14.html Peer Review Internal Review Process